In 2025, the biggest Bitcoin wallets are controlled by centralized exchanges. Binance tops with a cold storage of more than 248,000 BTC. This wallet is just about 1.25% of the total amount of BTC in circulation. Robinhood ranks second with 140,600 BTC, and Bitfinex has about 130,000 BTC. These are addresses where user fund is stored with safety and exchange tasks.
Exchanges, Corporations and ETFs: Large Players with Bitcoin Custody
Exchange-operated cold storage wallets are the most valuable. Binance’s second wallet holds another 115,000 BTC. Bitfinex also manages a recovery wallet with 94,600 BTC.
These addresses rarely move coins, which shows a commitment to long-term asset safety. Bitcoin holdings by companies have reached historic levels.
Strategy, the firm once known as MicroStrategy, is the largest corporate BTC holder. It owns about 597,325 BTC as of July 2025. That accounts for over 92% of its treasury and cost more than $42 billion to accumulate.
More than 130 public companies now include Bitcoin on their balance sheets. Together, they hold around 693,000 BTC. Tesla still owns 11,509 BTC.
Block, GameStop, and Semler Scientific also retain significant amounts. Metaplanet, a newer player, holds over 15,000 BTC and plans to expand that to 210,000 BTC by 2027.
Bitcoin exchange-traded funds have become major custodians. Grayscale’s GBTC holds 292,000 BTC. BlackRock’s iShares Bitcoin Trust follows with 274,000 BTC. These vehicles let traditional investors gain Bitcoin exposure without holding coins directly.
Global Bitcoin Reserves Include Sovereign and Satoshi’s Holdings
Governments are now in the Bitcoin game. The United States leads sovereign BTC holdings with 207,189 BTC. These coins were seized from criminal operations and placed into a strategic national reserve.
President Trump signed the executive order that established this policy earlier in the year. China follows with 194,000 BTC. These assets stem from the 2019 crackdown on the PlusToken scam.
Although trading of crypto is illegal in China, the coins are still kept frozen and unaltered. BTC is also held by the UK, Ukraine, Bhutan, and El Salvador. Ukraine possesses 46,351 BTC, with the majority received by donations.
The 11,924 BTC that Bhutan produced was mined by the state. El Salvador’s 6,229 BTC is the result of its legal tender law. These reserves show growing geopolitical acceptance of Bitcoin as a state asset.
On the individual side, Satoshi Nakamoto remains the biggest known holder. His wallet, last active in 2010, contains between 968,000 and 1.1 million BTC. It is a locked away reserve and may influence the market significantly should they be sold.
The Bitcoin Ownership Dynamics
The Winklevoss twins are one of the famous individual investors with 70,000 Bitcoin. Tim Draper is the owner of 30000 BTC, which he purchased in a U.S Marshals auction. Michael Saylor has 17,732 BTC, separate from the stash of Strategy.
Another anonymous wallet, 1Feex, contains more than 79,000 BTC, and it belongs to initial exchange thefts. The ownership distribution of Bitcoin is still concentrated.
The leading ten wallets possess about 1.1 million BTC. The total supply is controlled by the top 100 wallets with almost 0.15%. A majority of these holdings are in the hands of exchanges, institutions, and rich individuals.
The typical holdings of mid-sized wallets are increasingly gaining pace. These wallets contain 100-1,000 BTC per wallet. Together, they currently hold 4.76 million BTC. This was 3.9 million BTC a year ago.
This demonstrates that Bitcoin is being held by other investors besides the big whales. There is an emergence of mid-tier wallets, which indicates changes in ownership patterns.
An increasing number of small institutions and rich people are also buying the cryptocurrency for the long term. This increased ownership structure can lead to a more sustainable ecosystem.
Yet, the ownership dynamics still favor the top wallets. However, the expansion of sovereign funds, ETFs, and intermediate investors indicates a change. Though big cold wallets still dominate, wider adoption is happening.
Conclusion
Will Strategy buy extra? Will the coins of Satoshi have movement? Are ETF inflows going to speed up or slow down? These questions will continue to shape the discussions about Bitcoin this year until they are answered.
